Improvement in piston liquid-meters



RFETEHS. PHOTO-LITHOGHAFHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

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Letters Patent No. 98,353, lated December 28, 1869. l

The Schedule referred to Iin these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom. it may concern Be it known that I, ROBERT GREUZBAUR, of-the city of Brooklyn, in Kings county, State of New York, have invented an Improved Piston Fluid-Meter; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the ac'companying drawings, andtothe lettersand figures of reference thereon, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section;

Figure 2, an end view, with parts removed;

Figure 3, a cross-section; and Y Figure 4, a plan view of the water-channels and ports, representing them as though the inner casing A were unrolled and formed a plane.

The escape and s11pply-ports thereon are represented where `they are located on the outer skin B.

The nature ot' myviu've'ntion consists in making a piston fluid-meter, as follows:

First, of such form as to` have great strength and durability, combined with cheap construction and little weight.

Second, I float the moving valve-pistons with cork, or itsequivalent, and' leave them disconnected and free to move independent of each other, so that they will obey the slightest impulse of the water, and thereby bring friction, resistance, and therefore the reduction of head,.to a minimun Third, so as to'aVOid the carrying 'of dead water, which seriously obstructs free motion.

Fourth, to let the water in upon the valve-pistons in such a manner as to have them perfectly balanced under any pressure, to prevent reduction of head.

Fifth, so as to avoid the bursting of the meter through ,the action of the water-hammer, and in case the water therein should freeze.

And of such other' minor advantages and improvements as are herein minutely set forth.

The rst step in the construction of the meter is the casting of the central brass piece A, which is in one piece with the ribs l, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, tigs. 3 and 4, and with the transverse end partitions connecting these, as shown in lig. 4.

When that piece A is cast, the ports therein are trimmed to proper shape, for which there is free access all around. Y

The channels, formed by the ribs named, are then filled with core-sand, so that the piece A, thus filled and rounded oif with core-sand, forms a core around which the outer shell Bis cast.

The inlet and outlet-nozzles 20 and 21, I make by preparing short pieces of pipe with the desired thread, which are placed in the mould, so that when the outer shellB is cast, they will be firmly encircled by it, and form a part of it, as shown.

The meter is dividedinto two parts by the bulkhead H, which consists of' the central disk h1 and the recessed rim h2. The spaceibetween the latter and the casing A is lled with red lead, or sorueother metallic cement. Aconple of pins might be inserted to insure its stability.

The rim h2 is recessed,as shown at h, to admit the port Q', as shown, with `the view of saving space endwise, and to allow the piston to abut against the bulkhead without covering the port.

The port P' is admitted in like manner.

The edges of rim hz also serve for abutment to the cork lling in the pistons. W'ere the cork t abut on its whole face, suction might take place, which would interfere with the free working of the meter.

With a like view the projection K', on the end cover K, is made, which prevents the whole surface or face ofthe cork from lying against the face of the-cover.

, The bulkhead being putin place, and the end cov'- ers bolted on, as'shown, the body of' the meter is read-y for service.

By this mode of construction, the expensive mode of boring out an iron casting for the vinsertion of a brass lining, also requiring preparation, is totally avoided, and a superior result is produced.

The only moving parts in the meter, besides the 'registering-apparatus, are the two valve-pistons O and .D, which, while doing service as pistons, act as valves for each other.

Each piston has two annular recesses, 7 and 8, which act in the following manner:

Taking the piston -D as an example, the port T', which connects through -port T with the right-hand end of piston C, (see iig. 4,) is never covered, but always'open to the annular recess 8, while port Q, which connects through port Q to the nearest end of piston O, is likewise always open to Vrecess 7.

In the position shown, piston C is at the end of its stroke, and piston I) midway of its path, and j ust in the act of changing the ports for piston '0. p

After moving a little to the left,l the supply-port S will be in connection with port Q, and the escape-port v E will be in connection with port T. In consequence, while piston D is continuing to the end of its stroke, the piston O is travelling in the right-hand direction, and midway of its stroke performs the sameoflice for piston I). V

The end ports R and T are partly recessed into the covers, as shown in faint lines at R', for the purpose of saving space, as well as to prevent the covering of the ports when the pistons abut against the covers.

There is a possibility of both pistons covering the ports at the same time, in'which case the action of vthe meter would be checked. This is guarded against no leakage when the pistons are free to obey the imvnot th'e number of their strokes. `This is necessary,

tering-wheel chamber 14.

by the two pairs of relief-ports, X X', each two forming a pair, which are placed opposite each other, so as to equalize the pressure upon the piston.

These relief-ports are' very small, so as to'adinit a mere thread of water, which is sufficient to move the other piston ofi' its centre. These relief-ports cause pulse of the Water, which they are by the' mode here below given, because the water will-not travel around corners, and through narrow channels, causing friction, while free vent is given to it by fioating off the pistons. These relief-ports are placed inV the right-hand piston, because, by it-s connection to the counters, it is prevented from turning.

All the ports which are alternately covered by the pistons, are made in pairs opposite to each other, so as to equalize the pressure upon the pistons. The manner in which this is accomplished, with the coustruction above given, is clearly shown in fig. 4, which also shows the course of the water to and from all the Dorts..

As it is impr'aetcable to make the pistons light enough to float, they are made of such thickness that when filled with cork they will be of a specific gravity approximating that of the fluid inl which they are to operate. This gravity is regulated4 by reducing the. amount of cork in the centre of the piston. This cork serves a fivefold purpose:

First, it floats the pistons, as named.

Second, it forms the bulkhead in the piston, which prevents the passage of water through the same. If the pistons are cast with a bulkhead in them, they would be too heavy, and they could not be finished with so much ease.

Third, the cork displaces water, which would otherwise be moved forward and backward as dead weight, with four timesthe inertia to be overcome, cork having one-fourth the specific gravity of water.

Fourth, the cork serves as bumpers to check the motion ofthe pistons at the ends of their strokes, and returns to them, on their return strokes, most of the force with which it was compressed.

Fifth, the cork, by its compressive quality, serves as preventive against the bursting of the. meter, through the action of the water-ram, when a cock is suddenly closed after a rapid iiow; and also, when the meter is exposed to a freezing temperature, the expansion of the freezing water will compress the cork, instead of finding space by bursting the meter.

The mode adopted for recording the amount of war ter which passes through the meter is such as to recordy the distance travelled over bythe pistons, and

because, in delivering a small stream, the pistons do not make full stroke.

The driver L, which is carried by the piston C by means of piece M, is pivoted tothe arm N, which turns loosely on shaft Gr, and the point of the driver L is kept in contact with the wheel 12, by spring l', pressed upon by projection n' on arm Y. The wheel 12 moves with the shaft and screw G, which turns iu standards I l. Screw G turns wheel V, the shaft 'a of which passes through the sleeve u into the regis- The water is excluded from chamber 14 by the washer 10, ground to a close joint with the sleeve u', and by the rubber sleeve 9.

Now, when the piston G moves to the right, the

eases driver L, the point of whichis to the right of a central line, will lock with the wheel 12, and carry it farmN and driver L used on the opposite side in such manner that the one will drive while the other slides. These parts, the wheel 12 and its appendages, may be recessed into the end cover W, so that the piston C can be entirely filled out with cork, like piston D, so as to better equalize their action.l p

The pinion u' of ten teeth ou shaft u, drives the two wheels, of one hundred, and one hundred and one teeth, the three forming the old plan of differential wheels.

The dial 3' is fastened to wheel 100, and the indexfinger 2 is fast by a sleeve to wheel 101; thus, when the wheel 100 has made one revolution, the finger 2 has advanced one of the one hundred divisions on the dial-plate.

The finger 16, fig. 2, denotes units, the finger 2 counting hundreds, and up to ten thousand -in one revolution.

To be able to measure fractional parts in testing meters, and especially when measuring valuable liquids to. be subdivided into fractional parts, the wheel 80, of eighty teeth, fastened to pinion u', drives the pinion 8, of eight teeth, t'astenedto dial-plate 19, by which the hundredth part of a unit is indicated.

For extreme accuracy, a registering-apparatus could be attached to the other piston and cover also.

The supply and escape-ports may be interchauged.

Having thus described the construction and use of my improved meter,

What l .claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is` i 1. The arrangement,` within one barrel A, of two pistous, C and D, actiugfas valves for each other, substantially as and for thepurpose hereinbefore set forth.

2. The arrangement of the two pistons G and D, acting-as valves for 'each other, when the. piston D, acting as valve for piston C, changes the ports for the latter at or near half stroke of D, and 'vico versa, and when the two pistons are disconnected and move independent of each other, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with a meter-shell, A, and one or more pistons, O and AD,fof the cork `bulkheads named, substantially as and for thepurposes herein- Y before set forth.

'4. The combination, with a meter-shell A and pistons C and D, of the outside water-channels, arranged as shown, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination, with a meter-shell A andftwo pistons C and D, with their recesses 7 and 8, of the duplicate ports E and the duplicate ports S, substantially i as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

6. The combination, with a meter-shell, A, and two pistons and D, of a bulkhead, H, with its rim h? and recesses h, substantially as and for the purpose here-` inbefore set forth.

7. The small relief-ports a: x', in combination with the piston-valves O and D, arranged as described and for the purpose named.

ROBERT CREUZBAUR.

Vitnesses:

DENNIS Gonwm, JNO. P. KIRK. 

